Memorial "Sapun Mountain»
word "breather" in translation from Turkic means "soap". This is the name of the mountain due to the fact that during the XIX century at its base were obtained special types of clay, so-called "keel", which are then used to produce soap.
last half century, a key position Sapun Mountain on the outskirts of Sevastopol led to what her and around her held many bloody battles. During the first defense of Sevastopol in 1854-1855. plateau Sapun mountains and adjacent valleys occurred Balaklava, Inkerman and Chernorechensky battle between Russian and Anglo-French forces. Near the place where now located Diorama, was an observation post of command the Anglo-French forces.
Sapun-Gore - a key position on the outskirts of the city of Sevastopol, site of fierce battles against the Nazi invaders during the heroic defense of Sevastopol 1941-1942. and the Crimean operation in 1944
The reflection of the last assault of Sevastopol in July 1942, Soviet troops from 18 to 29 June steadfastly held Sapun Mountain, through which the enemy was hit in the direction of south-eastern outskirts of the city.
the battles for the liberation of Sevastopol by the Soviet troops in May 1944 Sapun Gore was the most fortified position in the defense of the 17 th German army. The enemy has created on its slopes line of defense, consisting of dozens of concrete pillboxes and bunkers, several layers of trenches, and numerous machine-gun and artillery firing points. However, the connection of the 51 st and the Maritime armies during the 9-hour battle on May 7 stormed Sapun Mountain.
numerous heroic deeds committed here, Soviet soldiers. The first came out on top of the mountain warriors of the 77-th Infantry Division, Colonel AP Rodionov, and 32-th Guards Rifle Division, Colonel NK Zakurenkova. In the battles distinguished senior lieutenant Vladimir Zhukov, Lieutenant V. Gromakov, ordinary V. Papidze, D. Babazhanov; feat A. Matrosov repeated Lieutenant M. J. Dzigunsky and Sgt SB Pogadaev. Everyone was given the title Hero of the Soviet Union. With unparalleled courage fought thousands of other brave soldiers and commanders loyal sons of the Motherland. In memory of the unparalleled heroism of Soviet soldiers on Sapun Mountain, a majestic memorial.
Diorama consists of the following main parts: the exhibition "Defense of Sevastopol in 1941-1942." Emancipation of the Crimea and Sevastopol in April-May 1944 "(lower hall), an art-piece" Sturm Sapun Mountain May 7, 1944 "and subject the plan to him in the upper hall, there is a small exhibition devoted to the history of the Diorama.
In Diorama of the memorial Sapun Mountain exhibition includes samples of military equipment the Soviet Union and Germany during the Second World War memorial ensemble "Heroes of the Battle of Sevastopol».
the memorial complex on Sapun grief began in October and November 1944, when The engineering part of the coastal army erected monuments to soldiers of armies who fell in battles for Sevastopol during the assault Sapun mountains. Monument to soldiers of the coastal army was built on the draft Lieutenant Kiseleva. Next to him at the same time built a Military Field Museum of Coastal Army, the exposition of which reflect events battles 7.12 May 1944 Museum lasted until the end of 1958, when his place began construction of Diorama.
few words about the memorial ensemble "Heroes of the Battle of Sevastopol, located next to the diorama. First, as already noted, the monument was built by soldiers of the Black Sea Army height 28 m, made of limestone blocks. After converting it into a monument to all the soldiers who liberated Sevastopol, he was faced with granite blocks. On each of 4 sides of the monument installed on two slabs of pink granite, on which was inscribed a list of 230 compounds and parts of the 4 th Ukrainian Front, and several other state entities that participated in the liberation of Sevastopol.
In the 25 th anniversary of Victory in Great Patriotic War, 9 May 1970 at the monument lit "Eternal Flame", delivered with Malakhov Hill.
In early May 1974, the eve of 30 anniversary of the liberation of Sevastopol, the monument installed memorial wall. They are carved the names of 240 people who received the title Hero of the Soviet Union for the Liberation of Sevastopol, the names of 51 military unit who were awarded medals for Sevastopol and 118 compounds, which was awarded the honorary title of "Sevastopol».
surrounding memorial park was laid in 1958, and its creation was not until the mid 70-ies.
exhibition of military equipment of World War II was established in 1960 and consists of two parts - the Soviet and Germany.
